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Based in Immokalee, Florida, the Coalition of Immokalee Workers (CIW) is a worker-based human rights organization internationally recognized for its achievements in the fields of social responsibility, human trafficking, and gender-based violence at work. Built on a foundation of farmworker community organizing starting in 1993, and reinforced with the creation of a national consumer network since 2000, CIW’s work has steadily grown over more than twenty years to encompass three overlapping spheres: Campaign for Fair Food: The CIW’s national Campaign for Fair Food educates consumers on the issue of farm labor exploitation – its causes and solutions – and forges alliances between farmworkers and consumers that enlist the market power of major corporate buyers to help end that exploitation. The CIW’s Campaign for Fair Food has secured agreements with fourteen major food retailers, including Yum Brands, McDonald's, Compass Group, and Walmart. In 2010, the campaign resulted in the creation of the Fair Food Program (FFP), following a historic agreement between the CIW and the Florida Tomato Growers Exchange to implement the (Fair Food Code of Conduct ) on 90% of the state’s tomato farms, affecting approximately 30,000 acres of production and tens of thousands of workers.〔Ríos, Kristofer. (“After Long Fight, Farmworkers in Florida Win Pay Increase.” ) ''New York Times'', January 18, 2011.〕〔Bittman, Mark. ("The True Cost of Tomatoes." ) ''New York Times'', June 14, 2011.〕 Fair Food Program: In 2011, CIW launched the Fair Food Program (FFP), a groundbreaking model for Worker-driven Social Responsibility (WSR) based on a unique partnership among farmworkers, Florida tomato growers, and participating retail buyers, including Subway, Whole Foods, and Walmart. Under the FFP, * CIW conducts worker-to-worker education sessions, held on-the-farm and on-the-clock, on the new labor standards set forth in the program’s Fair Food Code of Conduct;〔Estabrook, Barry. ("Tomato School: Undoing the Evils of the fields" ) "The Atlantic" April 20, 2011〕 * The Fair Food Standards Council, a third-party monitor created to ensure compliance with the FFP, conducts regular audits and carries out ongoing complaint investigation and resolution;〔(About the Fair Food Standards Council )〕 and * Participating buyers pay a small Fair Food premium which tomato growers pass on to workers as a line-item bonus on their regular paychecks (Between January 2011 and May 2014, nearly $15 million in Fair Food premiums were paid into the Program).〔("Worker-driven Social Responsibility (WSR): A new idea for a new century" ) "CIW Website" June 16th, 2014〕 The FFP standards are enforced through market consequences guaranteed by CIW’s legally binding Fair Food Agreements, in which participating buyers commit to buy Florida tomatoes only from growers in good standing with the FFP, and to cease purchases from growers who have failed to comply with the code of conduct. The United Nations Working Group on Business and Human Rights has described the FFP model as “smart mix of tools” that “could serve as a model elsewhere in the world.” 〔(PRESS RELEASE: Coalition of Immokalee Workers Announces Walmart to Join Groundbreaking Fair Food Program ) "CIW Website" January 16th, 2014〕 The CIW's Fair Food Program has gained widespread recognition from experts in the fields of human rights and social responsibility. In January 2015, the CIW was awarded the Presidential Medal for Extraordinary Efforts to Combat Human Trafficking in Persons "for its extraordinary efforts to combat human trafficking by pioneering the Fair Food Program, empowering agricultural workers, and leveraging market forces and consumer awareness to promote supply chain transparency and eradicate modern slavery on participating farms."〔(“CIW receives Presidential Medal for Extraordinary Efforts in Combatting Modern-Day Slavery at White House Forum” ) ''CIW website'', January 30, 2015.〕 In 2014, the Clinton Global Initiative presented CIW with its eighth annual Clinton Global Citizen Award, calling the Fair Food Program "a breakthrough, worker-driven approach to verifiable corporate accountability recognized by the United Nations and the White House for its unique effectiveness." 〔(2014 Clinton Global Citizen Awards ) ''Clinton Global Initiative'', 2014.〕 In his remarks at the conclusion of the award ceremony in New York, President Bill Clinton described the Fair Food Program as "the most astonishing thing politically happening in the world we’re living in today." 〔(“President Bill Clinton, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton honor CIW with Global Citizen Award” ) ''CIW website'', September 22, 2014.〕 The FFP has also received national media attention from the (New York Times ), (the Washington Post ), and (PBS Frontline ). Anti-Slavery Campaign: The CIW has aided in the investigation and federal prosecution of several slavery operations in Floridian agriculture.〔Bowe, John. ("Nobodies: Does Slavery Exist in America?" ) ''The New Yorker'', April 21, 2003.〕〔Estabrook, Barry. ("Politics of the Plate: The Price of Tomatoes." ) ''Gourmet'', March 2009.〕 For these efforts, the U.S. Department of State presented the CIW with a 2010 Hero Acting to End Modern-Day Slavery Award. Luis CdeBaca, Ambassador-at-Large of the Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons, stated during the recognition ceremony that CIW members "have been important partners and, more importantly, an independent and pressing voice as they uncover slavery rings, tap the power of the workers, and hold companies and governments accountable" and credited the CIW for developing "a multi-sectoral approach, tapping NGOs, law enforcement, labor inspectors and the survivors, themselves" to combat forced labor in the U.S. agriculture industry.〔CdeBaca, Luis. (“Remarks on the Release of the 10th Annual Trafficking in Persons Report.” ) Office To Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons, U.S. State Department, June 14, 2010.〕 ==Early history== The CIW, initially called the Southwest Florida Farmworker Project, was formed in 1993 in Immokalee, Florida, the epicenter of the state's $600 million tomato industry.〔Nielsen, Kirk. (“Organizing the Fields.” ) ''The Progressive'', December 2008.〕 The group's organizing philosophy is based on principles of popular education and leadership development. One of the CIW's first accomplishments was to establish a cooperative to sell staple foods and other necessities at cost in order to combat price gouging by local merchants. Today, the CIW also owns and operates WCIW-LP (107.9 FM, "Radio Conciencia"), a low-power FM radio station that features music, news, and educational programing in several languages.〔PacificaNetwork.org, ("WCIW-LP - Immokalee, FL." )〕 Between 1995 and 2000, the CIW organized several major actions to protest declining real wages for tomato harvesters, as well as frequent violence from supervisors towards field workers. This period included community-wide work stoppages in 1995, 1997 and 1999; a 30-day hunger strike undertaken by six members in 1998; and a 230-mile march from Ft. Myers to Orlando in 2000. By 1998, these protests “won industry-wide raises of 13-25% (translating into several million dollars annually for the community in increased wages).... Those raises brought the tomato picking piece rate back to pre-1980 levels (the piece rate had fallen below those levels over the course of the intervening two decades), but wages remained below poverty level and continuing improvement was slow in coming.”〔CIW website, ("About Us." )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Coalition of Immokalee Workers」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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